Walden Two

B. F. Skinner

3 ideas

  1. Labor credits priced by job unpleasantness

    Each hour of work earns a set number of credits, and the rate is adjusted so that disliked jobs such as sewage work earn more credits per hour than popular ones. Rather than paying people more money for hard work, the commune asks fewer hours of those who take unpleasant jobs. Combined with eliminating waste, idle classes and consumer excess, this lets members meet their obligations in about four hours a day.

  2. Positive reinforcement controls without felt coercion

    Frazier argues that punishment is inefficient because it suppresses behaviour only while the threat is present and breeds resentment. Systematic positive reinforcement shapes what people want, so they do what the designer intends while feeling entirely free. Freedom is therefore not the absence of control but the experience of being controlled well. This extends to children, who are trained in self-control through graded exercises such as wearing a sugar-dipped lollipop without licking it.

  3. Expert planners should replace democratic voting

    Walden Two is governed by a small board of Planners serving limited terms, supported by specialist Managers, and members do not vote. Frazier defends this by arguing that majority voting lets uninformed people decide technical questions about behaviour and culture. He holds that governance should work like an ongoing experiment in which practices are tested, measured and changed by those competent to judge the results. Legitimacy comes from members' continuing satisfaction and freedom to leave, not from elections.

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