Earnings growth plus P/E re-rating compounding
The largest stock returns come when two engines fire at once: rising earnings and a rising multiple the market pays for those earnings. A mid-cap bought at a low P/E before its growth is recognised can multiply several times over, because its price rises with profits and the market also re-rates the P/E upward as growth becomes visible. Buying growth early, rather than buying statistical cheapness, is what captures both engines.