Irula snake catchers turn to venom
After India's 1972 wildlife law ended the snakeskin trade that had employed the Irula tribe's expert snake catchers, Romulus Whitaker helped set up a cooperative where Irulas catch venomous snakes, extract their venom for antivenom production, and release the snakes back into the wild. It is a concrete case of a conservation ban that removed a community's livelihood, followed by a redesigned economy that paid for the same traditional skill without killing the animal.