4 ideas
Knowing the doctrine of virtue is like knowing the theory of medicine or music: it doesn't make you a doctor or musician until you've practiced it repeatedly. Character is formed by habituation through deliberate exercises, so a student who has trained themselves in self-control is better off than one who can only argue eloquently about it.
Women get the same reasoning faculty, the same senses, and the same natural inclination toward virtue as men, so they need philosophy for the same reason men do. Musonius argues philosophy makes a woman better at the roles she already holds (running a household, raising children, practicing justice and self-control), which takes away the objection that study would make her neglect them.
Some training belongs to the soul alone: learning proofs and reviewing principles until they become habitual responses. Other training belongs to soul and body jointly, such as enduring cold, heat, hunger, hard beds, and plain food. The joint exercises strengthen the body and also teach the soul to stop fearing hardship and wanting pleasure.
Exile takes away only a place. It leaves reason, virtue, and the ability to live well intact, and the whole world is the common homeland of rational beings. Many people have done better in exile, having shed luxury and flattery. The harm is in the judgment that exile is bad, not in the event.