5 ideas
Men accuse women without reason while being themselves the occasion of what they blame. The fault originates in the pursuer's solicitation, so condemning the woman punishes the effect while exempting the cause.
If a woman refuses, she is called cruel; if she yields, she is called loose. Because both available responses are condemned in advance, the standard cannot be met, and its real function is to guarantee blame rather than guide behavior.
Sor Juana likens men to a child who conjures a bogeyman and then is afraid of it: they fog the mirror themselves and complain it is not clear. The lens asks whether the disorder you object to is a reflection of your own intervention.
She asks who is more to blame: the woman who sins for pay or the man who pays to sin, and the one who falls when begged or the one who begs her to fall. Ranking culpability by who initiated and who incentivized the act moves primary guilt to the party with power and intent.
The poem's resolution is practical: if men wanted women to be good, they should stop soliciting what they then condemn, or else love women as they make them. Eliminating the incentive is presented as the only coherent remedy, making the accuser's own conduct the lever of change.