3 ideas
In a conflict between two adapting systems, the side that cycles through observation, orientation, decision, and action faster forces its opponent to react to outdated situations, generating cumulative confusion. Speed of decision relative to the enemy matters more than the optimality of any single decision, because a fast stream of adequate decisions degrades the opponent's ability to keep up.
Subordinates are given the purpose and desired end state of an operation rather than detailed instructions on execution, allowing them to act independently when conditions change or communication breaks down. This decentralizes initiative to the lowest levels while preserving unity of effort, because everyone understands the 'why' that lets them improvise toward the same goal.
War is fundamentally characterized by friction, chance, and incomplete information, so command systems should be designed to function effectively amid uncertainty rather than to acquire perfect knowledge before acting. Attempts to gather complete information before deciding create paralysis, so the goal is to make uncertainty tolerable and act despite it.